Split crest con colocación simultánea de implantes en sector anterior: reporte de un caso / Split crest with simultaneous placement of implants in the anterior sector: a case report

La pérdida ósea en el sector anterior, ya sea por un defecto horizontal, vertical o combinado, actualmente es un desafío, no sólo por la integración del implante, sino por la estética involucrada. Entre las técnicas de regeneración ósea que permiten solucionar estos defectos, cabe destacar la técnica de expansión de crestas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 58 años con reborde atrófico, que se sometió a la expansión de crestas con colocación simultánea de implantes en sector anterior, con xenoinjerto previo a técnica de expansión de crestas con piezoeléctrico, colocación simultánea de implantes Narrow Connection SLActive Straumann. Se logró ganancia ósea y estabilidad primaria de los implantes, sin complicaciones. En escenarios seleccionados, la técnica de expansión de crestas de manera predecible permite ganancia de hueso horizontal adecuada, el éxito de los implantes con tasa de supervivencia y mínimas complicaciones intra y postoperatorias (AU)

Bone loss in the anterior sector, both a horizontal, vertical or combined defect is a challenge today; not only for the integration of the implant but also the aesthetic involved. There are techniques of bone regeneration that help us to solve this type of defects, among them we should highlight the crest expansion technique. We present the case of a 58-year-old patient with atrophic flange, who underwent the expansion of crests with simultaneous placement of implants in the anterior sector, with xenograft prior to the piezoelectric crest expansion technique, Simultaneous placement of Narrow Connection SLActive Straumann implants, bone gain and primary stability of the implants were obtained, without complications. In selected scenarios, the crest expansion technique could be considered a predictable approach that demonstrates a high implant survival rate, adequate horizontal bone gain, and minimal intra- and postoperative complications (AU)

Correction of tibial multiplanar deformities using single Taylor external fixator combined with biplanar osteotomy / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effectiveness of single Taylor external fixator combined with biplanar osteotomy on correction of tibial multiplanar deformities.@*METHODS@#Between October 2016 and December 2021, 11 patients with tibial multiplanar deformities (20 sides) were treated with single Taylor external fixator and biplanar osteotomy. Of them, 4 were male and 7 were female; the average age ranged from 13 to 33 years (mean, 21.9 years). Diagnosis included rickets severe genu varum deformity (7 cases, 14 sides), rickets severe genu valgum deformity (2 cases, 4 sides), multiple osteochondromatosis calf deformity (1 case, 1 side), neurofibromatosis medial lower leg anterior arch deformity with short of leg (1 case, 1 side). After fibular osteotomy and tibial multiplanar osteotomy, a Taylor external fixator was installed. After operation, the deformities were corrected successively and fixed completely. The osteotomy healed, then the external fixator was removed. Before operation and at 12 months after operation, the full-length X-ray films were taken. The leg-length discrepancy, medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA), posterior proximal tibial angle (PPTA), anterior distal tibial angle (ADTA), and tibial rotation angle were measured. The degree of lower limb deformity was scored with reference to a customized tibial mechanical axis scoring table.@*RESULTS@#Osteotomy was successfully completed without neurovascular injury and other complications. The external fixator was adjusted for 28-46 days, with an average of 37 days, and the external fixator was worn for 136-292 days, with an average of 169 days. Mild needle infection during the fixation period occurred in 3 sides, refracture at the distal tibial osteotomy in 1 side after removing the external fixator, and nonunion of the distal fibular osteotomy in 1 side. All patients were followed up 369-397 days (mean, 375 days). At 12 months after operation, the lower limb discrepancy decreased, but there was no significant difference ( P>0.05). MPTA, LDTA, PPTA, ADTA, and tibial rotation angle improved, and the differences in LDTA, ADTA, and tibial rotation angle were significant ( P<0.05). The score of lower limb deformity was significantly higher than that before operation ( P<0.05), and the results were excellent in 9 sides, good in 8 sides, fair in 3 sides, with the excellent and good rate of 85%.@*CONCLUSION@#Single Taylor external fixator combined with biplanar osteotomy is effective in the correction of tibial multiplanar deformities.

Effectiveness and risk factors of supramalleolar osteotomy in treatment of varus-type ankle arthritis / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effectiveness of supramalleolar osteotomy (SMOT) as a therapeutic intervention for varus-type ankle arthritis, while also examining the associated risk factors that may contribute to treatment failure.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 82 patients (89 feet) diagnosed with varus-type ankle arthritis and treated with SMOT between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patient cohort consisted of 34 males with 38 feet and 48 females with 51 feet, with the mean age of 54.3 years (range, 43-72 years). The average body mass index was 24.43 kg/m 2 (range, 20.43-30.15 kg/m 2). The preoperative tibial anterior surface angle (TAS) ranged from 77.6° to 88.4°, with a mean of 84.4°. The modified Takakura stage was used to classify the severity of the condition, with 9 feet in stage Ⅱ, 41 feet in stage Ⅲa, and 39 feet in stage Ⅲb. Clinical functional assessment was conducted using the Maryland sore, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and psychological and physical scores in Health Survey 12-item Short From (SF-12). Radiology evaluations include TAS, talar tilt (TT), tibiocrural angle (TC), tibial medial malleolars (TMM), tibiocrural distance (TCD), tibial lateral surface angle (TLS), and hindfoot alignment angle (HAA). The results of clinical failure, functional failure, and radiology failure were statistically analyzed, and the related risk factors were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The operation time ranged from 45 to 88 minutes, with an average of 62.2 minutes. No complication such as fractures and neurovascular injuries was found during operation. There were 7 feet of poor healing of the medial incision; 9 pin tract infections occurred in 6 feet using external fixator; there were 20 cases of allograft and 3 cases of autograft with radiographic bone resorption. Except for 1 foot of severe infection treated with bone cement, the remaining 88 feet were primary healing, and the healing area was more than 80%. All patients were followed up 24-82 months, with an average of 50.2 months. Maryland score, VAS score, SF-12 psychological and physiological scores, and TAS, TC, TLS, TCD, TT, TMM, HAA, and Takakura stage were significantly improved at last follow-up ( P<0.05). Postoperative clinical failure occurred in 13 feet, functional failure in 15 feet, and radiology failure in 23 feet. Univariate analysis showed that obesity, TT>10°, and Takakura stage Ⅲb were risk factors for clinical failure, HAA≥15° and Takakura stage Ⅲb were risk factors for functional failure, and TT>10° was risk factor for radiographic failure ( P<0.05). Further logistic regression analysis showed that TT>10°, HAA≥15°, and TT>10° were risk factors for clinical failure, functional failure, and radiographic failure, respectively ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SMOT is effective in the mid- and long-term in the treatment of varus-type ankle arthritis, but it should be used with caution in patients with obesity, severe hindfoot varus, severe talus tilt, and preoperative Takakura stage Ⅲb.

Tratamiento ortodóncico-quirúrgico de pacientes con asimetría facial / Orthodontic-surgical treatment of patients with facial asymmetry

Introducción: la asimetría facial es una condición notoria en el tercio inferior de la facie del sujeto y entre los tercios medio y superior, en este último será menos evidente esta condición, de tal manera que podría considerarse como una de las molestias de mayor incidencia en pacientes con necesidades o no de terapia or- todóncica. Objetivo: evaluar mediante una revisión de la literatura los tratamientos ortodóncico-quirúrgicos de pacientes con asimetría facial. Material y métodos: la literatura se seleccionó mediante una búsqueda en las bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron: facial asymmetry, asymmetry, surgical treatment, surgical orthodontic treatment. La búsqueda se restringió a artículos en inglés publicados del año 2011 al 2021. Resultados: después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión en total se obtuvieron y revisaron 27 artículos. Se realizó la revisión de literatura del tratamiento ortodóncico-quirúrgico en pacientes con asimetría facial. Conclusión: es preciso el abordaje ortodóntico quirúrgico para la corrección de la asimetría facial, del protocolo dependerá la situación clínica y la elección de tratamiento ortodóntico quirúrgico, lo que brindará mejoras significativas en la simetría facial (AU)

Introduction: facial asymmetry, is a notorious condition in the lower third of the subject's facie and between the middle and upper thirds, in the latter this condition will be less evident; in such a way, it could be considered as one of the discomforts of greater incidence in patients with needs or not of orthodontic therapy. Objective: to evaluate by means of a literature review the orthodontic-surgical treatment of patients with facial asymmetry. Material and methods: the literature was selected through a search in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. The keywords used were: facial asymmetry, asymmetry, surgical treatment, surgical orthodontic treatment. The search was restricted to articles in English published from 2011 to 2021. Results: after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 27 articles were obtained and reviewed. The literature review of orthodontic-surgical treatment in patients with facial asymmetry was performed. Conclusion: surgical orthodontic approach is necessary for the correction of facial asymmetry, the protocol will depend on the clinical situation, the choice of surgical orthodontic treatment, which will give significant improvements in facial symmetry (AU)

Conceptos actuales en osteotomías en doble nivel alrededor de la rodilla / Current concepts in double-level osteotomies around the knee

Con la osteotomía en un solo nivel, se puede lograr la corrección del eje de la extremidad en pacientes con deformidades combinadas femoral y tibial, pero de forma simultánea generará una alteración patológica de oblicuidad de la interlínea articular, lo que conducirá a elongación ligamentaria, inestabilidad, degeneración condral y, en última instancia, comprometerá su sobrevida y los resultados funcionales. En virtud del análisis de la literatura más reciente, podemos concluir que existe un número significativo de pacientes que requieren de un procedimiento combinado para lograr un objetivo biomecánico óptimo. La finalidad de una osteotomía en doble nivel alrededor de la rodilla consiste en restablecer la anatomía normal, descargar el compartimiento afectado, normalizar los ángulos mecánicos y la orientación de la interlínea articular. Los ejes fisiológicos pueden restablecerse a través de un análisis preoperatorio exhaustivo, respetando principios biomecánicos y fijación estable con placas bloqueadas. Es un procedimiento demandante y con indicaciones en evolución, que progresivamente se ha instaurado como una alternativa de tratamiento justificada en estudios clínicos y biomecánicos para el manejo de deformidades severas alrededor de la rodilla.

With single-level osteotomy, correction of the limb axis in patients with combined femoral and tibial deformities can be achieved. This correction, however, will generate a pathological alteration in the joint line oblicuity, leading to ligament elongation, instability, joint degeneration and, ultimately, it will compromise the longevity and functional results of the correction. By analyzing the most recent literature, we can conclude that there is a significant number of patients who require a combined procedure to achieve an optimal biomechanical goal. The purpose of a double-level osteotomy around the knee is to restore normal anatomy, unload the affected compartment, normalize the mechanical angles and the orientation of the joint line. Physiological axes can be reestablished by means of a thorough preoperative analysis, observing the biomechanical principles and stable fixation with locked plates. It is a demanding procedure with increasing indications, which has progressively been established in clinical and biomechanical studies as a justified treatment alternative for the management of severe deformities around the knee.

Bilobed Flap in Hand Clinodactyly Reconstruction: Technique Description and Result Appraisal / Retalho bilobado na reconstrução das clinodactilias da mão: Descrição da técnica e avaliação do resultado

Abstract Objective Clinodactyly is a congenital hand deformity that is characterized by coronal angular deviation and may occur in thumbs or fingers. Surgical treatment is indicated for severe angulations. Among the described techniques, one of the options consists of bone alignment by wedge-shaped addition osteotomy of the anomalous phalanx. Such alignment maneuver creates a problem in skin cover, along with soft-tissue tension at the concave aspect of the deformity. Hence, some sort of skin flap is required for the adequate operative wound closure. We aim to demonstrate the aforementioned technique and to assess the results of bilobed flap in the treatment of hand clinodactyly. Methods Retrospective study conducted between January 2008 and January 2015. Five patients were included in the study, including nine operated digits. Surgical indication consisted of angular deviations ˃ 30o. Neither patients with thumb deformities nor those with deformities associated to syndromes were excluded from the study. We assessed the functional and cosmetic outcomes of the technique, as well as complications and the satisfaction rates of the family. Results All patients had satisfactory functional and cosmetic results, with a mean skin healing of 18.6 days. Among nine operated digits, only one of the patients presented vascular compromise at the distal portion of the first flap lobe, albeit without necrosis or the need for any additional procedure. Patients were followed up on a minimum of 12-month interval. No deformity recurred during the observation period. Conclusion Bilobed flap for the treatment of hand clinodactyly is a good option for skin cover after the osteotomy.

Resumo Objetivo A clinodactilia é uma deformidade congênita da mão, caracterizada por desvio angular coronal, podendo ocorrer em polegares ou dedos. O tratamento cirúrgico é indicado para angulações severas. Dentre as técnicas descritas, uma das opções consiste no alinhamento ósseo, através de osteotomia em cunha de adição da falange anômala. Essa manobra de alinhamento gera uma dificuldade de cobertura cutânea, juntamente com a tensão das partes moles no lado côncavo da deformidade. Sendo assim, algum tipo de retalho cutâneo é necessário para o fechamento adequado da ferida cirúrgica. Objetivamos demonstrar a técnica citada e avaliar os resultados do retalho bilobado no tratamento das clinodactilias da mão. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo entre janeiro de 2008 e janeiro de 2015. Foram incluídos cinco pacientes no estudo, nove dedos foram submetidos à cirurgia. Tiveram indicação cirúrgica os pacientes com desvios angulares nos dedos acima de 30 graus. Não foram excluídos do estudo os pacientes com deformidades no polegar, nem aqueles com deformidades associadas a síndromes. Foram avaliados os resultados funcionais e estéticos com o uso desta técnica, assim como as complicações e o grau de satisfação dos familiares. Resultados Todos os pacientes apresentaram resultados funcionais e estéticos satisfatórios, com cicatrização cutânea média de 18,6 dias. Entre os nove dedos submetidos à cirurgia, apenas um dos pacientes apresentou comprometimento vascular na porção distal do primeiro lobo do retalho, porém sem necrose ou necessidade de qualquer procedimento adicional. Os pacientes foram acompanhados durante um intervalo mínimo de 12 meses. Nenhuma deformidade ocorreu durante o período de observação. Conclusão O uso do retalho bilobado no tratamento das clinodactilias da mão é uma boa opção para cobertura cutânea após a realização de osteotomia.

Evaluación radiológica pre y posoperatoria de la osteotomía de Austin y uso de AutoCAD® / Preoperative and Postoperative Radiological Evaluation of Austin Osteotomy and Use of Autocad®

Introducción: Se han descrito más de 300 técnicas quirúrgicas para la corrección del hallux valgus. Una de ellas es la técnica de Austin, la cual constituye una osteotomía capital en V con una angulación de 60º utilizada en el tratamiento quirúrgico del hallux valgus leve-moderado. Objetivos: Analizar el grado de corrección que tiene la osteotomía de Austin sobre diferentes parámetros radiológicos y describir la frecuencia con la que se utilizan técnicas complementarias sobre la falange proximal. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional y retrospectivo. Se seleccionó una muestra de 29 pies intervenidos mediante la técnica de Austin, a los que se les realizaron varias mediciones sobre sus radiografías pre y posoperatorias con AutoCAD®. Resultados: Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todos los parámetros evaluados. Conclusiones: Esta técnica corrige significativamente todos los parámetros analizados. Se demuestra que el uso de técnicas quirúrgicas complementarias sobre la falange proximal es bastante frecuente al realizar esta osteotomía(AU)

Introduction: More than 300 surgical techniques have been described for the correction of hallux valgus. One of them is the Austin technique, which constitutes a capital V osteotomy with an angulation of 60º used in the surgical treatment of mild-moderate hallux valgus. Objectives: To analyze the degree of correction that Austin osteotomy has on different radiological parameters and to describe the frequency with which complementary techniques are used on the proximal phalanx. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study was carried out in a sample of 29 feet operated on using the Austin technique. Several measurements were made on their pre- and postoperative radiographs with AutoCAD®. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained in all the parameters evaluated. Conclusions: This technique significantly corrects all the parameters analyzed. It is shown that the use of complementary surgical techniques on the proximal phalanx is quite frequent when performing this osteotomy(AU)

Proximal tibiofibular stabilization by anatomical ligamentoplasty and diaphyseal osteotomy of the fibula / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Proximal tibiofibular instability is a rare condition for which treatment is poorly codified. A 21-year-old patient, a leisure sportswoman, presented a post-traumatic anterolateral instability of the proximal tibiofibular articulation without cartilage lesion. We propose an original surgical technique based on a review of the literature that combines an anatomical ligamentoplasty of the proximal tibiofibular joint and a proximal fibular diaphyseal osteotomy to reduce the distal tibiofibular mechanical stresses. This original technique allows a favorable evolution with recovery of professional and sports activities at 6 months.

Application of extended trochanter osteotomy wire fixation combined with autologous bone graft in revision of total hip arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of using lengthened trochanteric osteotomy wire fixation combined with autologous bone graft in patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty.@*METHODS@#From December 2010 to December 2018, 18 patients underwent revision of total hip arthroplasty with extended trochanteric osteotomy wire fixation and autogenous bone graft, including 8 males and 10 females with an average age of (78.89±3.32) years old ranging from 68 to 82 years. The time from the initial replacement to the revision was 9 to 22 (16.33±2.93) years. The patients were followed up regularly after operation. The healing time of osteotomy, the time of full weight-bearing activity, Harris score of hip joint and complications were recorded.@*RESULTS@#All 18 patients were followed up for 16 to 38 months with an average of (25.78±6.65) months. The incision length was 16 to 21 cm with an average of (18.89±1.32) cm; the operation time was 105 to 128 min with an average of (115.44±6.59) min, the bleeding volume was 240 to 285 ml with an average of (267.44±13.77) ml. The healing time of osteotomy was 12 to 18 weeks with an average of (15.61±1.75) weeks. Harris score of hip joint was (47.11±5.04) before operation, (76.39±3.85) during full weight-bearing activities, and (82.22±2.76) at the final follow-up(P<0.05). During the follow-up period, there were no complications such as limb shortening, infection, poor incision healing, prosthesis loosening and sinking, and periprosthetic fracture.@*CONCLUSION@#In revision total hip arthroplasty, the use of extended trochanteric osteotomy wire fixation combined with autologous bone graft can achieve satisfactory clinical results, but the surgeon needs to make a systematic plan for the pre-revision, intraoperative and postoperative recovery.

Rotating Scarf osteotomy in treating hallux valgus combined with the first metatarsal rotation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of rotational Scarf osteotomy in treating hallux valgus (HV) with rotation of the first metatarsal bone.@*METHODS@#From January 2018 to October 2019, 35 patients (40 feet) with HV and rotation deformity of the first metatarsal were treated with rotational Scarf osteotomy, including 5 males and 30 females;aged from 25 to 76 years old with an average of (40.32±5.43) years old. Hallux valgus angle(HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), the first metatarsal length (FML) were observed and compared, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS) of hallux metatarsophalangeal interphalangeal joint score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate functional evaluation.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-five patients(40 feet) were followed up from 12 to 36 months with an average of (14.35±3.62) months. HVA, IMA and DMAA were corrected from (36.32±4.51) °, (14.21±3.22) ° and (28.35±4.32) ° before operation to (14.32±5.71) °, (5.83±3.97) ° and (7.32±2.14) ° after operation respectively (P<0.05). There was no satistical difference in FML before and after operation (P>0.05). AOFAS score and VAS improved from (57.00±4.31) and (6.00±1.21) before operation to (90.31±3.28) and (1.42±0.83) after operation, respectively, and had significant difference(P<0.05);according to AOFAS score, 23 feet got excellent results, 15 feet good and 2 feet fair.@*CONCLUSION@#Rotational Scarf osteotomy with strong correction and high dimension could effectively correct HV combined with rotation deformity of the first metatarsal bone, improve function of the forefoot, and obtain good clinical results.

The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy for hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating hallux valgus with severe metatarsal adduction.@*METHODS@#From March 2017 to August 2021, 37 patients ( 69 feet ) with severe plantar adductor hallux valgus were treated with the first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with rotational Weil osteotomy were retrospectively analyzed, including 8 males(11 feet) and 29 females (58 feet), aged from 67 to 83 years old with an average of (70.03±2.87) years old;3 cases on the left side, 2 cases on the right side and 32 cases on both sides. Visual analogue scale(VAS) was used to evaluate degree of pain relief before operation, 6 weeks after operation and at the final follow-up. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery (AOFAS) forefoot score was used to evaluate function of the affected foot before operation and final follow-up. Hallux valgus angle(HVA) and intermetatarsal angle(IMA) were measured before operation and at the final follow-up.@*RESULTS@#Thirty-seven patients(69 feet) were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of(22.8±0.6) months. Bone healing was achieved at the first metatarsophalangeal joint from 7 to 10 weeks with an average of (8.00±1.21) weeks after operation, without delay and nonunion. HVA was increased from (44.30±2.84)° before operation to (15.20±2.13) °at the final follow-up, and had statistical difference(t=65.781, P<0.05);while no difference in IMA before and after operation(P>0.05). VAS was decreased from (6.73±1.48) points to (2.78±0.71) points at 6 months after operation(t=3.279, P<0.05), and had difference compared with the latest follow-up(1.16±1.12)(t=4.859, P<0.05). AOFAS forefoot score increased from (52.14±5.78) preoperatively to (86.70±4.86) at the fonal follow-up, and 25 feet got excellent results, 40 feet good and 4 feet fair.@*CONCLUSION@#The first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion combined with lateral toe rotation Weil osteotomy in treating severe plantar adduction hallux valgus could significantly relieve pain and appearance of forefoot, stabilize the first sequence, and significantly improve walking function.

Case-control study on Scarf and double metatarsal osteotomy of the first metatarsal for the treatment of hallux valgus deformity / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare clinical efficacy of scarf osteotomy and double metatarsal osteotomy(DMO) in treating moderate to severe hallux valgus.@*METHODS@#Fifty patients (81 feet) with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity were treated from January 2017 to December 2019, and were divided into Scarf osteotomy (SO) group or DMO group according to different osteotomy methods. There were 26 patients (44 feet) in SO group, including 1 male and 25 females, aged from 48 to 65 years old with an average of (55.5±4.67) years old;18 patients (30 feet) with moderate and 8 patients (14 feet) with severe. There were 24 patients(37 feet) in DMO group, including 1 male and 23 females, aged from 45 to 62 years old with an average of (52.1±6.8) years old;there were 14 patients (24 feet) with moderate and 10 patients (13 feet) with severe. Hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) and relative length of the first metatarsal(RLFM) on weight-bearing anteroposterior radiographs before and after operation were compared. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux, metatarsal, and interphalangeal joint scores was used for evaluate clinical effects. Weight bearing time and complications were observed.@*RESULTS@#Fivty patients were followed up. The follow-up time in SO group ranged from 12 to 36 months with an average of(20.50±6.22) months and from 16 to 28 months with an avaerge of(19.80±2.44) months in DMO group while there was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). All incision healed at stage I, and osteotomy healed at (20.31±3.17) months after operation. One patient occurred hallux adduction deformity, without transferred metatarsalgia;2 patients occurred metastatic metatarsalgia in DMO group. There were no significant difference in HVA, IMA, DMAA, and AOFAS scores between two groups(P>0.05) before and after operation. There was no significant difference in RLFM between two groups(P>0.05), while had significant difference in RLFM between two groups at final follow-up (P<0.05). Partial weight-bearing time and full weight-bearing time in SO group were significantly earlier than those in DMO group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Both of Scarf osteotomy and the first metatarsal biplane osteotomy could effectively treat moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity, with similar imaging and clinical evaluation. However, the relative length of the first metatarsal bone in SO group was longer than that in DMO group after operation, and the time of weight bearing in Scarf osteotomy is earlier than that of double metatarsal osteotomy of the first metatarsal.

Osteotomia valguizante de tibia aditiva medial: analisis de dos tipos de implante / Valgus tibial osteotomy. Two surgical alternatives

La osteotomía valguizante de tibia es un procedimiento comúnmente utilizado para la corrección del deseje en varo con el objetivo de restaurar el eje neutro. Existen dos alternativas quirúrgicas: osteotomía de apertura y de cierre. Los implantes utilizados para la osteotomía de apertura ofrecen ciertas ventajas y también desventajas. El objetivo de esta nota técnica es describir y comparar dos tipos de implante diseñados para las osteotomías valguizantes de tibia proximal: la placa Puddu y la placa TomoFix™. Nivel de Evidencia: V

The valgus tibial osteotomy is a procedure commonly used for the correction of the varus displacement with the objective of restoring the neutral axis. There are two surgical alternatives, opening and closing osteotomy. The implants used for opening osteotomy offer certain advantages and disadvantages. The objective of this technical note is to describe and compare two types of implants designed for valgus osteotomies of the proximal tibia: the Puddu plate and the TomoFix™ plate. Level of Evidence: V

Autotrasplante Digital: Reporte de Caso Clínico / Digital Autotransplantation: Clinical Case Report

El trasplante dentario autólogo se define como el po-sicionamiento de una pieza dentaria autóloga en un alvéolo post extracción o en un lecho formado qui-rúrgicamente. Actualmente, siguiendo los criterios de selección adecuados y una técnica quirúrgica mi-nuciosa, resulta una alternativa terapéutica ideal en ciertos pacientes. La gran variabilidad de implantes dentales y alternativas de injertos óseos han resuelto el problema de sustituir una pieza dentaria perdida. En los pacientes en crecimiento o con potencial de crecimiento residual del proceso alveolar, se pone en evidencia el inconveniente que puede representar la colocación de implantes, lo que hace necesario ree-valuar la conservación de dientes y la utilización de técnicas quirúrgicas clásicas. Las tasas de éxito de los autotrasplantes autólogos han aumentado con el tiempo, alcanzando cifras mayores al 90%. En el pre-sente artículo se reporta un caso clínico de autotras-plante dentario con planificación digital y una réplica tridimensional de la pieza a trasplantar (AU)

Autologous tooth transplantation is defined as the positioning of an autologous tooth in a post-extraction socket or in a surgically formed bed. Currently, following the appropriate selection criteria and a meticulous surgical technique, it is an ideal therapeutic alternative in certain patients. The great variability of dental implants and bone graft alternatives have solved the problem of replacing a lost tooth. In growing patients or with potential for residual growth of the alveolar process, the inconvenience that implant placement can represent is evident, which makes it necessary to reevaluate tooth conservation and the use of classic surgical techniques. The success rates of autologous autologous transplants have increased over time, reaching figures greater than 90%. This article reports a clinical case of dental autotransplantation with digital planning and a three-dimensional replica of the piece to be transplanted (AU)

Corrección de la altura patelar en inestabilidad rotuliana / Correction of patellar height in patellofemoral instability

El manejo de la inestabilidad patelofemoral se basa en una adecuada evaluación de alteraciones anatómicas predisponentes. Patela alta es una de las causas más importantes de inestabilidad objetiva. La alteración biomecánica que ésta produce puede conducir a luxación patelar recurrente, dolor y cambios degenerativos focales. El examen físico es fundamental en la toma de decisiones. La evaluación imagenológica ha evolucionado desde métodos basados en radiografía hacia mediciones en resonancia magnética, que permiten una orientación más acabada de la relación existente entre la rótula y la tróclea femoral. El tratamiento se fundamenta en la corrección selectiva de los factores causales, donde la osteotomía de descenso de la tuberosidad anterior de la tibia y la reconstrucción del ligamento patelofemoral medial son herramientas que deben considerarse racionalmente. Este artículo realiza una revisión de la literatura, otorgando los fundamentos quirúrgicos que explican la importancia del tratamiento específico de patela alta en inestabilidad rotuliana.

Patellofemoral instability management is based on a thorough evaluation of predisposing anatomical factors. Patella alta is one of the utmost causes of objective instability. As a result, biomechanical disturbance can lead to recurrent patellar instability, pain, and focal degenerative changes. Physical examination is paramount in decision making. Imaging evaluation has evolved from X-rays based methods to magnetic resonance measurements, which allows a more accurate assessment of the patellotrochlear relationship. Treatment is based on a selective risk factors correction, where tibial tubercle distalization osteotomy and medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction must be considered altogether. This article reviews the surgical rationale of patella alta treatment in patellofemoral instability.

Fusión del tercer molar inferior con un cuarto molar: reporte de tres casos / Fusion of the lower third molar with a fourth molar: report of three cases

Los dientes supernumerarios y la fusión dental son anomalías del desarrollo dental cuyas causas aún no se han dilucidado con certeza. El cuarto molar inferior, también denominado distomolar, es uno de los dientes supernumerarios con menor frecuencia de aparición clínica y su fusión con el tercer molar es una condición todavía menos común. A continuación, se reportan los casos clínicos de tres pacientes masculinos que presentaron fusión del tercer molar inferior derecho con un distomolar tratados mediante odontectomía (AU)

Supernumerary teeth and dental fusion are abnormalities of dental development whose causes have not yet been elucidated with certainty. The lower fourth molar, also called distomolar, is one of the supernumerary teeth with the least frequency of clinical appearance and its fusion with the third molar is an even less common condition. Next, the clinical cases of three male patients who presented fusion of the right lower third molar with a distomolar treated by odontectomy are reported (AU)

Medición intraoperatoria con una aplicación para teléfono inteligente que mejorar la precisión de las osteotomías desrotadoras / Intraoperative measurement with a smartphone App that improves the accuracy of derotational osteotomies

El desarrollo de teléfonos inteligentes ha creado nuevas oportunidades para incorporar la tecnología médica en la práctica clínica diaria. La medición intraoperatoria exacta de los grados necesarios de corrección es un desafío frecuente para el cirujano cuando realiza osteotomías desrotadoras. Por lo general, se utilizan clavijas divergentes colocadas proximal y distal a la osteotomía que, luego de la desrotación, deben quedar paralelas. Sin embargo, la medición de estos grados, en general, se hace por estimación visual, lo que suele ser poco preciso. El objetivo de este estudio es describir un detalle técnico que combina la aplicación de clavijas divergentes con la medición intraoperatoria mediante telefonía móvil para mejorar la precisión de las osteotomías desrotadoras. Nivel de Evidencia: V

Smartphone technology has created new opportunities to incorporate medical technology into daily clinical practice. Accurate intraoperative measurement of the desired derotation angle is a frequent challenge for the surgeon when performing derotational osteotomies. Divergent pins are commonly used proximal and distal to the osteotomy, which after derotation should remain parallel. However, the measurement of the derotation angle is usually performed by visual estimation, which could be unreliable. The aim of this study is to describe a technical detail that combines the application of divergent pins with intraoperative measurement by mobile phone to improve the accuracy of derotational osteotomies. Level of Evidence: V

Planejamento digital para cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínico estético: relato de caso / Digital planning for aesthetic clinical crown increase surgery: case report

A exposição excessiva de gengiva durante o sorriso é denominada como sorriso gengival. O fator etiológico dessa alteração é variado e sua identificação é fundamental para confecção de um plano de tratamento eficaz. O planejamento clínico pode ser realizado utilizando uma abordagem dinâmica e digital do sorriso. Sendo assim, software, exames imaginológicos, modelo virtual 3D e guia cirúrgico aumentam a qualidade e a precisão do tratamento, trazendo inúmeros benefícios para o paciente. Objetivo: demonstrar a importância do fluxo digital no planejamento e na correção do sorriso gengival. Relato de caso: paciente apresentou queixas em relação ao tamanho dos dentes e ao excesso de exposição de gengiva durante o sorriso. Após exames clínico e radiográfico, foi possível realizar o diagnóstico do fator etiológico como erupção passiva alterada (EPA). O tratamento de escolha foi o recontorno gengival associado à realização de osteotomia e osteoplastia. Para uma maior precisão do tratamento, foi confeccionado um guia cirúrgico duplo. Após o procedimento, a paciente foi orientada e medicada. Considerações finais: a abordagem digital do sorriso favoreceu um tratamento cirúrgico preciso, eficaz e satisfatório para a paciente, reestabelecendo assim a harmonia dento-gengivo-facial.(AU)

Excessive gum exposure during a smile is called a gum smile. The etiologic factor of this alteration is varied, the identification is essential to create an effective treatment plan. Clinical planning can be performed using a dynamic and digital smile approach. Therefore, software, imaging tests, 3D virtual model and the surgical guide increase the quality and precision of the treatment thus bringing numerous benefits to the patient. Objective: this case report aims to demonstrate the importance of digital flow in smile planning and correction of a gum smile. Case report: the patient presented complaints regarding tooth size and excessive gum exposure during the smile. After the clinical and radiographic examination, the etiological factor was diagnosed as an altered passive eruption (APE). The treatment of choice was the gingival contour associated with osteotomy and osteoplasty. For the precision of the treatment, a double surgical guide was made. After the procedure the patient was guided and medicated. Conclusion: the digital smile approach favored an accurate, effective and satisfactory surgical treatment for the patient thus restoring the tooth-gingival-facial harmony.(AU)

Periacetabular osteotomy with concomitant hip arthroscopy: a case series with 24 months minimum follow-up

PURPOSE To describe patient-reported outcomes, radiological results, and revision to total hip replacement in patients with hip dysplasia that underwent periacetabular osteotomy as isolated treatment or concomitant with hip arthroscopy. METHODS Case series study. Between 2014 and 2017, patients were included if they complained of hip pain and had a lateral center-edge angle ≤ of 20°. Exclusion criteria included an in-maturate skeleton, age of 40 or older, previous hip surgery, concomitant connective tissue related disease, and Tönnis osteoarthritis grade ≥ 1. All patients were studied before surgery with an anteroposterior pelvis radiograph, false-profile radiograph, and magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess intraarticular lesions, and if a labral or chondral injury was found, concomitant hip arthroscopy was performed. The non-parametric median test for paired data was used to compare radiological measures (anterior and lateral center-edge angle, Tönnis angle, and extrusion index) after and before surgery. Survival analysis was performed using revision to total hip arthroplasty as a failure. Kaplan Meier curve was estimated. The data were processed using Stata. RESULTS A total of 15 consecutive patients were included; 14 (93%) were female patients. The median follow-up was 3.5 years (range, 2 to 8 years). The median age was 20 (range 13 to 32). Lateral center-edge angle, Tönnis angle, and extrusion index correction achieved statistical significance. Seven patients (47%) underwent concomitant hip arthroscopy; three of them (47%) were bilateral (10 hips). The labrum was repaired in six cases (60%). Three patients (15%) required revision with hip arthroplasty, and no hip arthroscopy-related complications are reported in this series. CONCLUSION To perform a hip arthroscopy concomitant with periacetabular osteotomy did not affect the acetabular correction. Nowadays, due to a lack of conclusive evidence, a case by case decision seems more appropriate to design a comprehensive treatment.

Actualidad en ortodoncia: las micro-osteoperforaciones en la aceleración del tratamiento ortodóncico / An update in orthodontics: micro-osteoperforations for accelerating orthodontic treatment

La búsqueda por encontrar métodos para acortar la duración de los tratamientos de ortodoncia tiene un pasado reciente, un presente y un futuro. Las fuerzas ortodóncicas que se ejercen sobre la membrana periodontal producen movimientos dentarios por modificaciones histológicas y biomoleculares. El conocimiento de los procesos biológicos da lugar a implementar cambios para favorecer la aceleración de los procesos resortivos y neoformativos. El objetivo de esta publicación es hacer una breve síntesis de lo acontecido con este tema y exponer el procedimiento de las micro-osteoperforaciones (MOPs) como una opción complementaria al tratamiento de ortodoncia convencional. Aún no existe suficiente apoyo de ensayos clínicos en humanos para aseverar su éxito. Más aún, distintos autores publican conclusiones contradictorias. Es de esperar que, en breve, nuevas investigaciones contribuyan a respaldarlo o desestimarlo (AU)

The quest to find methods to shorten the duration of orthodontic treatments has a recent past, a present, and a future. Orthodontic forces exerted on the periodontal membrane produce tooth movements by histological and biomolecular modifications. Knowledge of biological processes results in changes to promote the acceleration of spring and neoformative processes. The objective of this publication is to make a brief synthesis of what happened with this topic and expose the micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) procedure as a complementary option to conventional orthodontic treatment. There is not yet enough support from human clinical trials to assert its success. Moreover, different authors publish conflicting conclusions. It is to be expected that, shortly, further investigations will help to support or dismiss it (AU)